1. If diameter of a road roller is 0.9 m and its length is 1.4 m, how much area of a field will be pressed in its 500 rotations?
Solution:

The roller is in a form of a (Right Circular) Cylinder.
For this cylinder,
d = 0.9 m,

r = \(\displaystyle \frac {d}{2}\) = \(\displaystyle \frac {0.9}{2}\)

r = 0.45 m,
Also, h (i.e. length) = 1.4 m,

Now,
 Area pressed in one revolution
= Curved Surface Area of the cylinder
= 2πrh

= 2 × \(\displaystyle \frac {22}{7}\) × 0.45 ×1.4 ... (i)

∴ Area pressed in 500 revolutions

= 2 ×\(\displaystyle \frac {22}{7}\) × 0.45 ×1.4 × 500

= 1980 m² ... (ii)

∴ The area pressed in 500 revolutions is 1980 m²


2. To make an open fish tank, a glass sheet of 2 mm gauge is used. The outer length, breadth and height of the tank are 60.4 cm, 40.4  cm and 40.2 cm respectively. How much maximum volume of water will be contained in it?
Solution:

Here, outer dimensions of the tank:
l = 60.4 cm,
b = 40.4 cm,
h = 40.2 cm,
and thickness of the glass sheet
= 2 mm = 0.2 cm

∴ Inner dimensions of the tank:
l = 60.4 − 0.2 − 0.2 = 60 cm,
b = 40.4 − 0.2 − 0.2 = 40 cm,
h = 40.2 − 0.2 = 40 cm

Now, the tank is in the shape of a cuboid.
Volume of a cuboid:
 V = l × b × h
∴ V = 60 × 40 × 40
∴ V = 96000 cm³ ... (i)

The maximum volume of water that will be contained in the tank is 96000 cm³.


3. If the ratio of radius of base and height of a cone is 5 : 12 and its volume is 314 cubic metre. Find its perpendicular height and slant height. (π = 3.14)
Solution:

Here, r : h = 5 : 12, V = 314 m³, h = ?, l = ?

Let, r = 5x,
h = 12x

Now,
 Volume of a cone:

 V = \(\displaystyle \frac {1}{3}\) πr²h

∴ 314 = \(\displaystyle \frac {1}{3}\) × 3.14 × 5x × 5x × 12x

∴ \(\displaystyle \frac {314 \times 3}{3.14 \times 5 \times 5 \times 12}\) = x³

∴ 1 = x³

∴ \(\displaystyle \sqrt [3]{1}\) = x

∴ 1 = x
i.e. x = 1 ... (i)

Now,
r = 5x,
r = 5 × 1
r = 5 m ... (ii)

And,
h = 12x,
h = 12 × 1
h = 12 m ... (iii)

Also,
l² = h² + r²
l² = 12² + 5²
l² = 144 + 25
l² = 169
l = \(\displaystyle \sqrt {169}\)
l = 13 m ... (iv)

∴ The perpendicular height of that cone is 12 m and its slant height is 13 m.


4. Find the radius of a sphere if its volume is 904.32 cubic cm. (π = 3.14)
Solution:

Here, V = 904.32 cm³, r = ?

 Volume of a sphere:

  V = \(\displaystyle \frac {4}{3}\) πr³

∴ \(\displaystyle 904.32 = \frac {4}{3}\) × 3.14 × r³

∴ \(\displaystyle \frac {904.32 \times 3}{4 \times 3.14}\) = r³

∴ 216 = r³
∴ \(\displaystyle \sqrt [3]{216}\) = r
∴ 6 = r
i.e. r = 6 cm ... (i)

∴ The radius of that sphere is 6 cm.


5. Total surface area of a cube is 864 sq. cm. Find its volume.
Solution:

Here, St = 864 cm², V = ?

 Total surface area of a cube:
 St = 6l²
∴ 864 = 6l²

∴ \(\displaystyle \frac {864}{6}\) = l²

∴ 144 = l²
∴ \(\displaystyle \sqrt {144}\) = l
∴ 12 = l
i.e. l = 12 cm ... (i)

Now,
 Volume of a cube:
 V = l³
∴ V = 12³
∴ V = 1728 cm³ ... (ii)

∴ The volume of that cube is 1728 cm³.


6. Find the volume of a sphere, if its surface area is 154 sq. cm.
Solution:

Here, S = 154 cm², V = ?

 Surface area of a sphere:
 S = 4πr²

∴ 154 = 4 × \(\displaystyle \frac {22}{7}\) × r²

∴ \(\displaystyle \frac {154 \times 7}{4 \times 22}\) = r²

∴ \(\displaystyle \frac {49}{4}\) = r²

∴ \(\displaystyle \sqrt {\frac {49}{4}}\) = r

∴ \(\displaystyle \frac {7}{2}\) = r

i.e. r = \(\displaystyle \frac {7}{2}\) cm ... (i)

Now,
 Volume of a sphere:

 V = \(\displaystyle \frac {4}{3}\) πr³

∴ V = \(\displaystyle \frac {4}{3}\) × \(\displaystyle \frac {22}{7}\) × \(\displaystyle \frac {7}{2}\) × \(\displaystyle \frac {7}{2}\) × \(\displaystyle \frac {7}{2}\)

∴ V = \(\displaystyle \frac {539}{3}\)

∴ V = 179.666 ... ≈ 179.67 cm³ ... (ii)

∴ The volume of that sphere is 179.67 cm³.


7. Total surface area of a cone is 616 sq. cm. If the slant height of the cone is three times the radius of its base, find its slant height.
Solution:

Here, St = 616 cm², l = 3r, l = ?

Now, l = 3r

 ∴ \(\displaystyle \frac {l}{3}\) = r

i.e. r = \(\displaystyle \frac {l}{3}\) ... (i)

Now,
 Total Surface Area of a cone:
 St = πr(l + r)

∴ 616 = \(\displaystyle \frac {22}{7}\) × \(\displaystyle \frac {l}{3}\) × \(\displaystyle \left[ l + \frac {l}{3} \right]\)

∴ 616 = \(\displaystyle \frac {22}{7}\) × \(\displaystyle \frac {l}{3}\) × \(\displaystyle \frac {4l}{3}\)

∴ \(\displaystyle \frac {616 \times 7 \times 3 \times 3}{22 \times 4}\) = l²

∴ 441 = l²
∴ \(\displaystyle \sqrt {441}\) = l
∴ 21 = l
i.e. l = 21 cm ... (ii)

∴ The slant height of that cone is 21 cm


8. The inner diameter of a well is 4.20 metre and its depth is 10 metre. Find the inner surface area of the well. Find the cost of plastering it from inside at the rate ₹ 52 per sq. m.
Solution:

d = 4.2 m,

r = \(\displaystyle \frac {d}{2}\) = \(\displaystyle \frac {4.2}{2}\)

r = 2.1 m,
 h (i.e. depth) = 10 m, Sc = ?
 Rate = ₹ 52 per sq. m, Cost = ?

The well is in the form of a cylinder.
Inner Surface Area of a cylinder:
 Sc = 2πrh

∴ Sc = 2 × \(\displaystyle \frac {22}{7}\) × 2.1 × 10

∴ Sc = 2 × \(\displaystyle \frac {22}{7}\) × 21
∴ Sc = 132 cm² ... (i)

Now, the cost of plastering the well from inside
= Area × Rate
= 132 × 52
= ₹ 6864... (ii)

∴ The inner surface area of the well is 132 cm² and the cost of plastering it from inside is ₹ 6,864/-


9. The length of a road roller is 2.1 m and its diameter is 1.4 m. For levelling a ground, 500 rotations of the road roller were required. How much area of the ground was levelled by the road roller? Find the cost of levelling at the rate of ₹ 7 per sq. m.
Solution:

The roller will be in the form of a (Right Circular) Cylinder.
For this cylinder:
h (i.e. length) = 2.1 m,
d = 1.4 m

r = \(\displaystyle \frac {d}{2}\) = \(\displaystyle \frac {1.4}{2}\)

r = 0.7 m

Now,
 Area pressed in one revolution
= Curved Surface Area of the cylinder
= 2πrh

= 2 × \(\displaystyle \frac {22}{7}\) × 0.7 × 2.1 ... (i)

∴ Area pressed in 500 revolutions

= 2 ×\(\displaystyle \frac {22}{7}\) × 0.7 × 2.1 × 500

= 2 ×\(\displaystyle \frac {22}{7}\) × 7 × 21 × 5

= 4620 m² ... (i)

Also, the cost of levelling
= Area × Rate
= 4620 × 7
= 32340... (ii)

∴ The area of the ground levelled by the road roller is 4620 m² and the cost of levelling is ₹ 32,340/-




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24 February 2026 at 12:30

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