(1) Complete the following activity to solve the simultaneous equations:

\(5x + 3y = 9 \quad \text{...\ (I)}\)

\(2x - 3y = 12 \quad \text{...\ (II)}\)

Let’s add equations (I) and (II),

5x + 3y = 9 ... (I)

+

2x 3y = 12 ... (II)
\(\bbox[white, 5pt, border: 2px solid red]{\color{white}{XX}}\ \)x = \(\bbox[white, 5pt, border: 2px solid red]{\color{white}{XX}} \)

\(\displaystyle \therefore x = \frac{\bbox[white, 5pt, border: 2px solid red]{\color{white}{XX}}}{\bbox[white, 5pt, border: 2px solid red]{{\color{white}{XX}}}}\)

\(\therefore x = \ \bbox[white, 5pt, border: 2px solid red]{\color{white}{XX}}\)

Place \(x = 3\) in equation (I),

\(\therefore\ 5 \times\ \bbox[white, 5pt, border: 2px solid red]{\color{white}{XX}} +\ 3y = 9\)

\(\therefore\ 3y = 9 -\ \bbox[white, 5pt, border: 2px solid red]{\color{white}{XX}}\)

\(\therefore\ 3y = \ \bbox[white, 5pt, border: 2px solid red]{\color{white}{XX}}\)

\(\displaystyle \therefore y = \frac{\bbox[white, 5pt, border: 2px solid red]{\color{white}{XX}}}{3}\)

\(\therefore\ y = \ \bbox[white, 5pt, border: 2px solid red]{\color{white}{XX}}\)

∴ Solution is \((x, y) = (\ \bbox[white, 5pt, border: 2px solid red]{\color{white}{XX}}\:,\ \bbox[white, 5pt, border: 2px solid red]{\color{white}{XX}}\ )\)

Solution:

The completed activity is given below:

\(5x + 3y = 9 \quad \text{...\ (I)}\)

\(2x - 3y = 12 \quad \text{...\ (II)}\)

Let’s add equations (I) and (II),

5x + 3y = 9 ... (I)

+

2x 3y = 12 ... (II)
\(\bbox[white, 5pt, border: 2px solid red]{7}\ \)x = \(\bbox[white, 5pt, border: 2px solid red]{21} \)

\(\displaystyle \therefore x = \frac{\bbox[white, 5pt, border: 2px solid red]{21}}{\bbox[white, 5pt, border: 2px solid red]{7}}\)

\(\therefore x = \ \bbox[white, 5pt, border: 2px solid red]{3}\)

Place \(x = 3\) in equation (I),

\(\therefore\ 5 \times\ \bbox[white, 5pt, border: 2px solid red]{3} +\ 3y = 9\)

\(\therefore\ 15 + 3y = 9\)

\(\therefore\ 3y = 9 -\ \bbox[white, 5pt, border: 2px solid red]{15}\)

\(\therefore\ 3y = \ \bbox[white, 5pt, border: 2px solid red]{-\:6}\)

\(\displaystyle \therefore y = \frac{\bbox[white, 5pt, border: 2px solid red]{-\:6}}{3}\)

\(\therefore\ y = \ \bbox[white, 5pt, border: 2px solid red]{-\:2}\)

∴ Solution is \((x, y) = (\ \bbox[white, 5pt, border: 2px solid red]{3}\:,\ \bbox[white, 5pt, border: 2px solid red]{-\:2}\ )\)



(2) Solve the following simultaneous equations:
(i) \(3a + 5b = 26;\ a + 5b = 22\)
Solution:

\(3a + 5b = 26\) ... (i)

and \(a + 5b = 22\) ... (ii)

Subtracting (ii) from (i),

3a + 5b = 26 ... (i)

a 5b = 22 ... (ii)
2a = 4

∴ \(\displaystyle a = \frac{\cancelto{2}{4}}{\cancelto{1}{2}}\)

\(a = 2\) ... (iii)

Substituting the value of \(a\) in (ii),
 \(a + 5b = 22\) ... (ii)
∴ \(2 + 5b = 22\)
∴ \(5b = 22 - 2\)
∴ \(5b = 20\)

∴ \(\displaystyle b = \frac{\cancelto{4}{20}}{\cancelto{1}{5}}\)

\(b = 4\) ... (iv)

∴ (2, 4) is the solution of the given simultaneous equations.

(ii) \(x + 7y = 10;\ 3x - 2y = 7\)
Solution:

 \(x + 7y = 10\)
\(x = 10 - 7y\) ... (i)

and \(3x - 2y = 7\) ... (ii)

Substituting the value of \(x\) in (ii),
 \(3x - 2y = 7\) ... (ii)
∴ \(3(10 - 7y) - 2y = 7\)
∴ \(30 - 21y - 2y = 7\)
∴ \(30 - 23y = 7\)
∴ \(-\:23y = 7 - 30\)
∴ \(-\:23y = -\:23\)
∴ \(23y = 23\)

∴ \(\displaystyle y = \frac{\cancelto{1}{23}}{\cancelto{1}{23}}\)

\(\displaystyle y = 1\) ... (iii)

Substituting the value of \(y\) in (i),
 \(x = 10 - 7y\) ... (i)
∴ \(x = 10 - 7 \times 1\)
∴ \(x = 10 - 7\)
\(x = 3\) ... (iv)

∴ (3, 1) is the solution of the given simultaneous equations.

(iii) \(2x - 3y = 9;\ 2x + y = 13\)
Solution:

\(2x - 3y = 9\) ... (i)

and \(2x + y = 13\) ... (ii)

Subtracting (ii) from (i),

2x 3y = 9 ... (i)

2x y = 13 ... (ii)
4y = 4

i.e. \(4y = 4\)

∴ \(\displaystyle y = \frac{\cancelto{1}{4}}{\cancelto{1}{4}}\)

\(y = 1\) ... (iii)

Substituting the value of \(y\) in (ii),
 \(2x + y = 13\) ... (ii)
∴ \(2x + 1 = 13\)
∴ \(2x = 13 - 1\)
∴ \(2x = 12\)

∴ \(\displaystyle x = \frac{\cancelto{6}{12}}{\cancelto{1}{2}}\)

\(x = 6\) ... (iv)

∴ (6, 1) is the solution of the given simultaneous equations.

(iv) \(5m - 3n = 19;\ m - 6n = - 7\)
Solution:

\(5m - 3n = 19\) ... (i)

and \(m - 6n = -\:7\) ... (ii)

Multiplying (i) by 2,
\(10m - 6n = 38\) ... (iii)

Subtracting (ii) from (iii),

10m 6n = 38 ... (iii)

m 6n = 7 ... (ii)
+ +
9m = 45

∴ \(\displaystyle m = \frac{\cancelto{5}{45}}{\cancelto{1}{9}}\)

\(m = 5\) ... (iv)

Substituting the value of \(m\) in (ii),
 \(m - 6n = -\:7\) ... (ii)
∴ \(5 - 6n = -\:7\)
∴ \(-\:6n = -\:7\:-\:5\)
∴ \(-\:6n = -\:12\)
i.e. \(6n = 12\)

∴ \(\displaystyle n = \frac{\cancelto{2}{12}}{\cancelto{1}{6}}\)

\(n = 2\) ... (v)

∴ (5, 2) is the solution of the given simultaneous equations.



(v) \(5x + 2y =\:-\:3;\ x + 5y = 4\)
Solution:

\(5x + 2y =\:-\:3\) ... (i)
and \(x + 5y = 4\)
\(x = 4\:-\:5y\) ... (ii)
Substituting the value of \(x\) in (i),
\(5x + 2y =\:-\:3\) ... (i)
∴ \(5(4\:-\:5y) + 2y =\:-\:3\)
∴ \(20\:-\:25y + 2y =\:-\:3\)
∴ \(20\:-\:23y =\:-\:3\)
∴ \(-\:23y =\:-\:3\:-\:20\)
∴ \(-\:23y =\:-\:23\)
i.e. \(23y = 23\)

∴ \(\displaystyle y = \frac{\cancelto{1}{23}}{\cancelto{1}{23}}\)

\(y = 1\) ... (iii)

Substituting the value of \(y\) in (ii),
 \(x = 4\:-\:5y\) ... (ii)
∴ \(x = 4\:-\:5 \times 1\)
∴ \(x = 4\:-\:5\)
\(x =\:-\:1\) ... (iv)

∴ ( − 1, 1) is the solution of the given simultaneous equations.

(vi) \(\displaystyle \frac{1}{3}x + y = \frac{10}{3};\ 2x + \frac{1}{4}y = \frac{11}{4}\)
Solution:

 \(\displaystyle \frac{1}{3}x + y = \frac{10}{3}\)

Multiplying both sides by 3,

 \(\displaystyle \frac{1}{3}x \times {3} + y \times {3} = \frac{10}{3} \times {3}\)

∴ \(\displaystyle \frac{1}{\cancel{3}}x \times {\cancel{3}} + y \times {3} = \frac{10}{\cancel{3}} \times {\cancel{3}}\)

∴ \(x + 3y = 10\)
i.e. \(x = 10 - 3y\) ... (i)

and \(\displaystyle 2x + \frac{1}{4}y = \frac{11}{4}\)

Multiplying both sides by 4,

 \(\displaystyle 2x \times {4} + \frac{1}{\cancel{4}}y \times {\cancel{4}} = \frac{11}{\cancel{4}} \times {\cancel{4}}\)

\(\displaystyle 8x + y = 11\) ... (ii)

Substituting the value of \(x\) in (ii),
 \(8x + y = 11\) ... (ii)
∴ \(8(10\:-\:3y) + y = 11\)
∴ \(80\:-\:24y + y = 11\)
∴ \(80\:-\:23y = 11\)
∴ \(\:-\:23y = 11\:-\:80\)
∴ \(\:-\:23y = \:-\:69\)
i.e. \(23y = 69\)

∴ \(\displaystyle y = \frac{\cancelto{3}{69}}{\cancelto{1}{23}}\)

\(y = 3\) ... (iii)

Substituting the value of \(y\) in (i),
 \(x = 10\:-\:3y\) ... (ii)
∴ \(x = 10\:-\:3 \times 3\)
∴ \(x = 10\:-\:9\)
\(x = 1\) ... (iv)

∴ (1, 3) is the solution of the given simultaneous equations.

(vii) \(99x + 101y = 499;\ 101x + 99y = 501\)
Solution:

\(99x + 101y = 499\) ... (i)

And, \(101x + 99y = 501\) ... (ii)

Adding (i) and (ii),

99x + 101y = 499 ... (i)

+

101x + 99y = 501 ... (ii)
200x + 200y = 1000

Dividing both sides by 200,
\(x + y = 5\) ... (iii)

Subtracting (i) from (ii),

101x + 99y = 501 ... (ii)

99x 101y = 499 ... (i)
2x 2y = 2

Dividing both sides by 2,
\(x -\: y = 1\) ... (iv)

Adding (iii) and (iv),

x + y = 5 ... (iii)

+

x y = 1 ... (iv)
2x = 6

∴ \(\displaystyle x = \frac{\cancelto{3}{6}}{\cancelto{1}{2}}\)

\(x = 3\) ... (v)

Substituting the value of \(x\) in (iii),
 \(x + y = 5\) ... (iii)
∴ \(3 + y = 5\)
∴ \(y = 5\:-\:3\)
\(y = 2\) ... (vi)

∴ (3, 2) is the solution of the given equations.

(viii) \(49x - 57y = 172;\ 57x - 49y = 252\)
Solution:

\(49x - 57y = 172\) ... (i)

And, \(57x - 49y = 252\) ... (ii)

Adding (i) and (ii),

49x 57y = 172 ... (i)

+

57x 49y = 252 ... (ii)
106x 106y = 424

Dividing both sides by 106,
\(x - y = 4\) ... (iii)

Subtracting (i) from (ii),

57x 49y = 252 ... (ii)

49x 57y = 172 ... (i)
+
8x + 8y = 80

Dividing both sides by 8,
\(x + y = 10\) ... (iv)

Adding (iii) and (iv),

x y = 4 ... (iii)

+

x + y = 10 ... (iv)
2x = 14

∴ \(\displaystyle x = \frac{\cancelto{7}{14}}{\cancelto{1}{2}}\)

\(x = 7\) ... (v)

Substituting the value of \(x\) in (iv),
 \(x + y = 10\) ... (iv)
∴ \(7 + y = 10\)
∴ \(y = 10\:-\:7\)
\(y = 3\) ... (vi)

∴ (7, 3) is the solution of the given equations.



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12 May 2026 at 15:00