Explain with diagram, step-by-step energy conversion in:
a. Thermal Power Plant:
Thermal Power Plant
In a thermal power plant:
  1. The turbine is rotated using steam.
  2. By using thermal energy obtained by burning coal, water is heated in a boiler.
  3. Steam of very high temperature and pressure is generated.
  4. The energy in the steam drives the turbine.
  5. The generator connected to the turbine rotates and electrical energy is produced.
2 Marks
b. Nuclear Power Plant:
Nuclear Power Plant
In a Nuclear Power Plant:
  1. The thermal energy released by fission of nuclei of atoms like Uranium or Plutonium is used to generate the steam of high temperature and high pressure.
  2. The kinetic energy in the steam rotates the turbine.
  3. Kinetic energy in the turbine in turn drives the generator producing electricity.
2 Marks
c. Solar Thermal Power Plant:
Solar Thermal Power Plant
In a Solar Thermal Power Plant:
  1. Many reflectors reflect and concentrate solar radiation on absorbers.
  2. Absorbers convert solar energy into heat energy.
  3. Using this heat energy steam is generated to drive the turbine.
  4. The kinetic energy in the turbine runs the generator.
2 Marks
d. Hydroelectric Power Plant:
Hydroelectric Power Plant
In a Hydroelectric Power Plant:
  1. The potential energy in water stored in dam is converted into kinetic energy of water.
  2. Fast flowing is brought from the dam to the turbine at the bottom of the dam. The kinetic energy of the flowing water drives the turbine.
  3. The turbine, in turn drives the generator to generate electricity.
2 Marks
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30 July 2019 at 03:18

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